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J. N OLAN.

POULTRY GAR.

(No Model) No. 425,241. Patented Apr. 8, 189-0.

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No. 425,241. Patented Apr. 8, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES NOLAN, OF DETROIT, MIOHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO NOLAN (it CRAIG, OF SAME PLACE.

POULTRY-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,241, dated April 8, 1890.

Application filed March 6, 1889. Serial No. 302,086. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: bin from the compartment E through a suit- Be it known that 1, JAMES NOLAN, a citizen able door I.

of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the Underneath the center of the roof and runcounty of Wayne and State of Michigan, have ning in a longitudinal direction with the car,

invented certain new and useful Improvepreferably from end to end thereof, is sus- 5 5 ments in Stock-Cars for Transporting Live pended a water-reservoir J, which is provided Poultry, of which the following is a specificawith a suitable fill opening or openings K tion, reference being had therein to the acthrough the roof of the car and-which are oompanying drawings. suitably covered. This water-reservoir is This invention relates to new and useful preferably formed of a large-sized pipe and 60 improvementsin poultry-cars intendedfor the dips toward the compartment E, where it is transportation by railway of all kinds of live provided with a suitable service-pipe L for poultry; and the invention consists in the pedrawing therefrom the water conveniently for culiar construction, arrangement, and combiwatering the animals, there being also, prefnation of different parts, whereby provision erably, a convenient nozzle provided for the 6 is made forconvenientlyhousing a large numattachment of a hose, by means of which it her of live poultry in coops permanently pro may be found easiest to carry the water to vided for in the car, and for providing them the individual coops. These coops M are with fresh air and for others attending to formed between the longitudinal partition 0 r their comfort-and wants while in transit, all and the respective sides of the car by vertias more fully herein after described, andshown cal transverse partitions N, preferably spaced in the accompanying drawings, in which-- at equal distances apart in the remaining Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved spaces in the car, and the sections thus formed poultry-car. Fig. 2 is a diagram plan. Fig. are subdivided by the horizontal partitions O,

2 5 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of the car which are either movably secured or hinged in diagram. Fig.4=isasimilarsectionthrough at one end, preferably to the partitions N. the coops on one side of the car in line X X in The coops are thus formed in tiers, prefera- Fig. 2. Fig. 5 shows a portion of Fig. 4: enbly with four coops between the floor and the larged. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the car roof of the car. A suitable door 0 is pro- 0 through the center of one tier of coops, and vided in the partitions G for access into each Fig. 7 is a plan of a portion of the car with the coop, and this door may be secured slidingly car-roof removed. or be hinged or opened in any other suitable A is a carbody mounted on the usual manner. Each coop is also provided with a trucks B and otherwise of known construcsuitable feed-trough Q, slidiugly secured to 3 5 tion, except as hereinafter provided. The inbe easily withdrawn through the partition 0 terior of the car is provided with a central for the purpose of filling it with food or waaisle 13, formed between two partitions C C, ter. The object of making the partitions 0 running longitudinally with the car. This removable or hinging them is for the convenaisle communicates at one end with the platience of cleaning each coop. If hinged, suit-- 40 form D of the car, and in the other end it comable catches are provided to secure the parti- 9o municates with a compartment E, which is tions in ahorizontal position while in use, but provided with the usual door F, leading to the allow of rapidly dumping the filth to the. floor platform on this end of the car, and preferaof the car. I bly with a door G between it and the aisle. Forprovidingampleventilation and breath- 5 In one portion of this compartment a bin H is ing facilities and also light to the live poul- 9 5 formed for storing grain or other food adapttry, which must necessarily be confined in ed for the wants of the poultry, and this prefsmall space, I make the following provision: erably extends to the roof of the car, where it Each vertical tier of coops is provided with one I is provided with a fill-opening provided with or more rows of apertures P through the sides 50 suitable cover 11. Access is bad into this of the car, and these are covered over on the ICU inside with sliding covers P, provided with corresponding apertures P which can be made to register with the aperture P on the sidewalls, if desired. I preferably providea mechanical device for jointly actuating all these covers-such as shown in the drawings where horizontal shafts S are suitably journaled longitudinally with the car near the corner of the roof with the sides of the car. Each cover is then provided near its upper end with a rack T, which engages with a pinion U upon the shaft S. One end of these shafts is made to project through one end of the cover, and is provided with suitable levers V, by means of which the shafts may be conveniently actuated, and which may be locked in any adjust able position. Thus the attendant of the car by operating these levers can either close or open the apertures in the side walls of the car or adjust them to any desired degree for admitting air, as his judgment may devise. In addition to this provision, I also provide for the interior circulation of air through the car by providing the transverse partitions N with one or more rows of apertures similar to the side walls, and the doors to each coop I also form with perforations or apertures or; construct them With screen or lattice work. Thus ample provision for afree circulation of air into and through the car is provided, and according to the direction of the wind or condition of'the atmosphere the attendant may regulate the same to prevent discomfort or danger to the animals. The compartment E is preferably suitably equipped with a bunk and other conveniences necessary to the comfort of the attendant, and in winter may contain a stove to heat the interior of the car.

It is obvious that my improved car ofiers superior advantages to the present mode of carrying live poultry on railroad-cars to market, which consists, generally, in indiscriminately packing the coops with animals in ordinary freight-cars without any provision for feedingand watering,andwhich entailstheloss of the coops to the farmers, as they are hardly worth being returned to them by the railroad. This mode of carrying them is hardly less than committing cruelty to animals, involving, besides, alarge loss from death, starvation, or cold if the journey is prolonged.

lVhat I claim as my invention is- A stock-car consisting of the car-bodyhaving perforated sides, the perforated shutters adjacent to said sides, the racks, gears, and shafts for elevating and lowering said shutters, the side compartments formed of the side and end walls and drop-bottoms, the removable troughs in the side compartments, the Water-supply pipe in the center of the car, and the end compartments, all arranged substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 29th day of January, 1889.

JAMES NOLAN.

Witnesses:

J AMES W. WHITTEMORE, J. PAUL MAYER. 

